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What are Cutting Tools? Choose correctly to avoid mistakes in machining.
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1️⃣ What are Cutting Tools?
Cutting tools are devices used in the machining of various materials like steel, aluminum, plastic, etc., through processes such as milling, turning, drilling, or tapping with machines like CNCs, lathes, mills, and drills. These tools are designed for specific purposes such as rough milling, finishing, or cutting specific angles or shapes, depending on the materials and machinery used.
2️⃣ Common Problems from Choosing Inappropriate Tools
Factories often encounter issues from choosing the wrong type of tool, such as:
- Workpieces having burrs or lacking precision.
- Cutting tools wearing out quickly, necessitating frequent replacements.
- Noise and vibrations during cutting.
- Slow operations and unnecessary cost overruns.
These problems arise from not properly considering the material, cutting method, and operational conditions before choosing the tools.
3️⃣ Guidelines for Choosing Effective Cutting Tools
Before selecting cutting tools, consider:
- The material of the workpiece: alloy steel, cast iron, stainless steel, aluminum, plastic.
- The type of cutting operation: turning, milling, drilling, threading.
- Cutting speed and feed rate: affects the choice of material and coating for the tool.
- Shape of the tool: end mills, pointed or rounded tips.
- The machine's strength: some machines have limited driving force.
Proper selection can help reduce problems, increase accuracy, and save costs in the long run.
4️⃣ Types of Materials and Coatings to Know
The material and coating of cutting tools greatly affect the quality of work:
- HSS (High-Speed Steel): good impact resistance, suitable for general use.
- Carbide: strong, heat-resistant, suitable for high-speed operations.
- Ceramic / CBN / PCD: for high precision tasks.
Coatings such as:
- TiN: increases durability.
- TiAlN: high heat resistance.
- DLC: prevents material adhesion.
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